Essay Topics on Water Conservation Secrets That No One Else Knows About

Essay Topics on Water Conservation Secrets That No One Else Knows About Top Choices of Essay Topics on Water Conservation The conservation of water is extremely important and necessary to have a healthful and long-lasting life. It is an essential part of the lives of human beings who need water for survival. It is one of the most essential needs for a person to have a sustainable life. It is essential for life on our planet. Green also helps for the surroundings. To maintain the presence of life on Earth, the protection and protection of water is quite important because life without water isn't feasible. Clean water isn't only a necessity of human beings. however, it is also crucial for the survival of different species. Challenges related to developing and managing water resources are getting more acute. Soil conservation is reached at the identical moment. Readers must have solid information concerning the water conservation. This isn't an instance of the work generated by our Essay Writing Service. Introducing Essay Topics on Water Conservation Although water protection was implemented for years, there's still water pollution occurring within the usa. Finally, it is a habitat for the different wildlife representatives. Pollution, for example, as a result of industrialization, contaminates water. Besides water disappearing, the issue of water pollution happens in today's world nowadays. The Essay Topics on Water Conservation Game Water within this saturation zone is known as groundwater. Anyway, it can help to detect water leakage. We have to determine whether there's a leakage in our taps. Lokin is really the most important water in all three. So it is essential to conserve the water. So it will become important for all of us to conserve water and avoid its wastage. The best quantity of water a flush is 1. How to Choose Essay Topics on Water Conservation The conservation process of all-natural resources requires more than simply using alternative energy sources. Additional research is critical to determine more accurate procedures of assessing the amount of pathogenic viruses in treated wastewater. Renewable resources are those that replenish naturally. The majority of the resources of nature are depleting at a quick pace. The Essay Topics on Water Conservation Trap The cost of an essay depends upon the total amount of effort the writer has to exert. Reducing the quantity of water used will help you economically together with benefiting you and your family later on. This resource is something which we use every single day in our lives and it serves many dis tinct purposes. We must do everything possible to help in keeping a wholesome water resource for all. There are human pursuits and trends that are primarily accountable for the issue of shortage of drinking water. Now people have begun to understand the value of clean water, even though they aren't hoping to conserve water completely. In India and other nations of earth, there's a significant lack of water, which has resulted in the common individuals to create long distances for drinking water and also to make necessary water to fulfill everyday tasks. Another problem in today's management is the little capacity of sewage system. It is our responsibility to not just conserve our water supply, yet to clean this up as well. There are a lot of ways in which water is wasted and these include letting water run within households when it isn't being used, deficiency of water recycling and too little water harvesting among other ways. To put it differently, the full area is going to be drained only by one stream or water class. Also ensure cleanliness around your region. Lowering the water you use will help save you money. Sewage treatment is just one of the big fields in water waste administration. Water is essential for a wholesome body. Conclusion Clean water is quite essential part of life, therefore we want to conserve water for the upcoming safety.

The Value of Nature - 1772 Words

Albert Einstein, a German-born theoretical physicist, once said, â€Å"Look deep into nature, and then you will understand everything better† (Wilkes, Natures Secret Messages: Hidden in Plain Sight). Einstein is referring to nature as a portal into the unknown. Initially, one can find the answers to any question, in nature. This idea refers to the Romantic authors as they write about nature. One Romantic author, Whitman, has written two poems, Song of Myself, and When I Heard the Learn’d Astronomer, illustrating the value of nature. Another Romantic author, Emerson, has written an essay, Nature, which also reflects the importance of nature. As these authors write their literature about nature, they illustrate the importance that it brings to†¦show more content†¦By reflecting on such deep levels, one can change them for the better. Thus, it is important for modern readers to value nature and reflect on all aspects of one. Therefore, modern readers should value nature, as the Romantic authors did, because it is there that one reflects on oneself. It is important for modern readers to value nature, as the Romantic authors did, because it is there that one finds a better understanding of life and their surroundings. After speaking of the dullness of logistics in Whitman’s When I Heard the Learn’d Astronomer, he speaks of experience as he writes, â€Å"Till rising and gliding out, I wander’d off by myself, /In the mystical moist night-air, and from time to time, /Look’d up in perfect silence at the stars† (Whitman, When I Heard the Learn’d Astronomer). Whitman writes ‘Till rising and gliding out,’ or until realization and understanding, he explored independently. He walked in ‘the mystical moist night-air,’ or the obscure, damp environment. Every few minutes, he admired ‘in perfect silence,’ or serene muteness at the stars. Whitman shows the importance of experience in nature, as it is more inspiring than logistics. He wants readers to wake up and r ealize the value of nature and their surroundings. By stargazing, one can truly know their surroundings as well as appreciate the small, beautiful aspects in nature and life. Thus,Show MoreRelatedThe Nature Of Human Values948 Words   |  4 PagesDefinitions are used to express our beliefs, but there are not necessarily the same beliefs for everybody, that is why one word could have more than one definition. For example, Rokeach, a polish-American social psychology, in his book The Nature of Human Values (1973), identified three categories of beliefs: existential, evaluative, and prescriptive and proscriptive beliefs. Existential belief could be true or false. Evaluative beliefs are judgments about what is good or bad. Prescriptive and proscriptiveRead MoreThe Nature Of Perceived Value1620 Words   |  7 PagesThe nature of perceived value remains a topic of debate. Various researchers have sought to enumerate the categories of customer value. These include Zeithaml (1988, p. 14) who describes four forms of value–(a) value is low price, (b) value is whatever one wants in a product, (c) value is the quality that the consumer receives for the price paid, and (d) value is what the consumer gets for what he or she gives. Holbrook (1996, p. 138) views customer value as an interactive relativistic preferenceRead MoreThe Value of Nature to Humans1993 Words   |  8 PagesThe Value of Nature Humans project the value of nature because humans are the only beings that are able to produce rational thoughts and are therefore, the only beings that value. Since humans are the only beings that value, they are inherently the only things that determine the value of other things. In addition to my main thesis, I will address where the value in nature originates by explaining the disjoint relationship between humans and non-humans. Expanding on my thesis, I will prove the projectionRead MoreContent And Nature Of Value Creation912 Words   |  4 Pagescontent and nature of value co-creation in a service logic based view of value creation, considering the customer perspective in a supplier-customer relationship. They published their findings in the Journal of Service Management vol. 22 no. 1, 2011, pp 5–22. They emphasized to keep apart production and value creation, as according to them they are different constructs. Production is the course of making the resources consumers integrate in their consumption or usage procedures. Value creation isRead MoreEssay about Value in Nature1986 Words   |  8 Pagesindividual â€Å"self†, a value-able entity with rights and duties of its own. But nature operates on a different basis: â€Å"there are no rights in the wild, and nature is indifferent to the welfare of particular animals† (Rolston, p.75). In order to formulate an autonomous environmental ethics, then, we must be able to move beyond the humanist focus on the self, towards a new source of value and a new type of value. In this essay, I intend to examine the idea of value in nature, drawing especially onRead MoreThe Nature And Value Of Social Work Essay1854 Words   |  8 PagesThe nature and value of social work practise A social worker is a professional individual concerned for the wellbeing of others, from helping families to helping ex prisoners get reestablished in the everyday environment from being outside of prison. There are many different client groups that require social workers such as prisoners but the care that social workers provide does not stop at being in prison it is concluded through when the individual leaves prison and is back into everyday lifeRead MoreThe Value Of Nature Within Our Everyday Lives1379 Words   |  6 PagesIn order to further understand the value of nature within our everyday lives both the passages of Leanne Simpson, David Chambers and Helen Watson address the importance of perspectives and the ways in which different knowledge is viewed within the world. In Land As Pedagogy: Nishnaabeg Intelligence and Rebellious Transformation written by Leanne Simpson she highlights the importance of indigenous traditions and knowledge as a way to obtain decolonization throu gh sharing Nishnaabeg stories. She allowsRead MoreAristotle And Epicurus Discuss The Nature And Value Of Leisure Essay929 Words   |  4 PagesIn Chapter 1 of this module Lafargue, Aristotle and Epicurus discuss the nature and value of leisure. Conflicts of opinion arose among the philosophers as to ‘how leisure should be spent’ (Price, 2008, p.10). With the influence of Ancient Greece in Roman culture indication will be awarded in this response to these philosophies, as they appear in evidence about Roman villas. This analysis will present a clear understanding of Roman concepts of leisure and how Romans spent their leisure time. HoweverRead More`` Faking Nature `` By Robert Elliot745 Words   |  3 PagesAuthenticity holds intrinsic value. The process of destroying something to then later recreate it removes its authenticity and in turn, its intrinsic value. In his essay, Faking Nature, Robert Elliot argues that the recreation of natural landscapes after human destr uction strips nature of its value. Rather than disrupting and restoring landscapes, Elliot emphasizes the priority should be preserving it. Elliot rejects the argument of the restoration thesis which is the claim that a recreation ofRead MoreFeelings of Oppression in Blood Wedding by Frederico Garcia Larco1178 Words   |  5 PagesLarco is an ingenious depiction of values, norms, expectations, the effect they have on society and human beings and by default, explores human nature and the will of the individual. Larco simplistically yet graphically conveys these aspects through a marriage and a feud between two families, both of which are focuses of the play. Another tool he uses is the imagery and personification of several aspects of nature to convey a certain essence of humanity within nature, namely the moon and Death. Through

Context Inquiry Report Persepolis - 1323 Words

Context Inquiry Report: Persepolis Textual Layout: Throughout the graphical novel it can be seen that Satrapi places the main text and ideas above the image, along with small speech bubbles to represent dialogue between individuals in the images. She may have done so for the purpose of ensuring that the main ideas and text are clear to read. The speech bubbles in the images can be considered to be the supporting bits of detail that enrich the overall understanding of the topic. The images also lack color, the main colour scheme only being black and white. This can signify something to do with the ideas of the story, such as the idea of those for and against the veil, therefore Satrapi may be using the two colours to contrast personalities, situations, or views. For instance, we can see that in certain situations such as the image involving the Islamic Revolution, the image depiction contains more black in the image which may support the thought of the revolution being bad in Satrapi’s opinion. It should however be noted that t his is not always the case. In some situations, the images may contain black and white to outline or contrast things such as objects, furniture, people, and buildings. The images show how Satrapi saw her childhood, there was what seems to be shock due to the substantial change in living conditions. At one point Satrapi was attending a French non-religious school and living a normal life, then suddenly there is a radical change to everything. There isShow MoreRelatedRosalind Krauss - Photographys Discursive Spaces9350 Words   |  38 Pagesordinary elements of topographical description had to be restored to the image produced by Fig. 1 Timothy OSullivan, Tufa Domes, Pyramid Lake (Nevada), 1868. Fig. 2 Photolithograph after OSullivan, Tufa Domes, Pyramid Lake, Published in King Survey report, 1875. Winter 1982 311 OSullivan. The coordinates of a continuous homogeneous space, mapped not so much by perspective as by the cartographic grid, had to be reconstructed in terms of a coherent recession along an intelligibly horizontal plane

Graduation Speech - Original Writing - 924 Words

I had recently lost my job and was enjoying the extra time with my young son. I had always volunteered in his classrooms when I could, but time in the classroom was limited due to the job. He was going into second grade and I instantly liked his teacher when I met her. I told her I would love to volunteer in her classroom whenever she wanted me and within a few weeks I became a regular in the class. I helped the second graders with their math, reading, writing, and social skills. I found that being in the classroom with those kids was something I enjoyed tremendously. That teacher must have seen a spark in me as well because she planted the seed for me to go into teaching. She has been my biggest influence for the type of teacher I wanted to be. She was calm, patient, loving, caring, a friend, and the biggest support and cheerleader for all of her students. I learned so much about teaching and myself while volunteering in her classroom that year. I discovered that I wanted to be a te acher while I watched her teach. But, most of all, I wanted to be just like her when I did it. I wanted to be a teacher who started every lesson with love and a passion that only someone who truly cherished their job could have. As I work towards my goal of becoming an elementary teacher, I contemplate the idea of teaching special education. Children with special needs are a rewarding group to work with and have the biggest hearts themselves. It takes a special kind of teacher to step in andShow MoreRelatedGraduation Speech - Original Writing1036 Words   |  5 PagesIn the back seat, intently listening to the words coming through the speakers, what is this I hear? Something so soulful, full of emotion, and life, it s as if I entered into another dimension, floating on a cloud of serenity. This feeling abruptly ended with a goodbye kiss as I prepare to enter the school building. I was enjoying my early morning schedule, learning about simple mathematics, how to get along with my pe ers, playing at recess, but I couldn t wait to get lost again, leave the earthlyRead MoreGraduation Speech - Original Writing980 Words   |  4 PagesBy the time that Landon and I arrived to his mansion, the party had already started. Crazy, intoxicated teenagers were swaying their hips and doing every provocative move they could think of to the beat of the horrid, meaningless music. Guys were desperately trying to get laid and the girls were loitering around, all over the place, taking photos and slurring their every word. Nothing good ever came out of partying-I could already tell that I was going to regret my actions by tomorrow morningRead MoreGraduation Speech - Original Writing1385 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Natalia! we have to go to this dance! Please!† â€Å"You got money Roxy? because I sure do not!†. â€Å"Well no, but your mom will buy us tickets! Ha-ha!† â€Å"Well that is true, but you are asking her!† â€Å"What why she s your mom!† â€Å"But that s your mom! Lights flashing day and night, cars and taxi’s stuck in the day rush and the night to endure the spotlight, but in North Brooklyn there was to girls, two girls who were friends since 6th grade. They went through many hardships but still always managed to comeRead MoreGraduation Speech - Original Writing898 Words   |  4 PagesAs long as I can remember I ve never been good at writing essays, especially under a time limit. There s just something about the pressure that makes me freeze up and I end up writing barely anything. I’ve struggled with it for the longest time, and I’ve tried to get better, but it’s a challenge for me. It all started in the third grade. I was deskbound in my third grade classroom with my friends, looking at all the decorations on the walls. It was approaching Thanksgiving break, so there wereRead MoreGraduation Speech - Original Writing953 Words   |  4 PagesIt s the minute details that are vital: the small things are what make big things happen. There are certain flashbacks of one’s childhood that stay forever in one’s mind. There is one day in particular that is still fresh in my mind. It was the fall of third grade, and I forgot to pray Shacharit that morning. My evident passion for Tefillah began at a young age. As the realization dawned on me, tears were suddenly streaming down my face. This had never occurred to me before, and I felt nervousRead MoreGraduation Speech - Original Writing992 Words   |  4 Pagesother alumni are in jail, died in the zombie apocalypse a while back, or have been wiped off the face of the earth somehow, I don’t know, I cou ldn’t possibly care any less about those that I went to high school with and that are there after me. Graduation was one of the better days of my young life. If you haven’t figured it out, I was not a fan of high school. They couldn’t pay or beg me enough to teach at any high school here in the county, hence why I am teaching at the middle school level, asRead MoreGraduation Speech - Original Writing943 Words   |  4 Pages It was my 5th grade ceremony at Anthony Burns Elementary School, and I was standing in line to get my certificate. The school’s principal called my name to accept my certificate for â€Å"AB Honor Roll† and â€Å"Excellence in Math.† I was looking into the massive crowd, and my mother, along with my Uncle Chris and Aunt Saundra, were cheering me on with jubilant faces. I remember how intense the moment was, and the overwhelming feeling’s of love i received; I was proud. As I made my way across the stageRead MoreGraduation Speech - Original Writing800 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Wake up,it’s time to go to Tennessee!† my mama exclaimed.I couldn’t believe that this day had come.It felt like I had waited forever for this much needed vacation from the hectic schedule of school. †I need to make sure I have everything.† I yelled.My brother was going,along with some of the church youth group.I was so excited that I could barely think straight.We were gone from September 4-6,which was Labor Day weekend.The reason we were going to Tennessee was to white-water raft.When we got toRead MoreGraduation Speech - Original Writing1036 Words   |  5 Pages It had been a long hot summer, and I was very excited for school to begin, I even found a new backpack on the internet that I wanted to buy, although this never would happen, I was still happy that the summer was almost over. I couldn t wait. Every day of August I had checked the mail. But one day when I saw the mail truck, I sprinted down the driveway, I would ve been hit by a car is one was there. I opened the mailbox, grabbed the mail, and ran back up, well I should say tried. I trippedRead MoreGraduation Speech - Original Writing1311 Words   |  6 PagesSetting my suitcase and bags next to my bed, I glanced around seeing that most of the things I kept here were where I left where I ha don t them two months ago. summer break recently ended and class was scheduled to resume on Monday. It was my last year here at Maxwell College of Arts and I could already tell that this year was going to be stressful. Being 21, almost 22 in September, I was ready to take on life. Ever since I was 15, I knew I wanted to be a singer. I wanted to share my music with

The Treaty Of Versailles And The German Arm During The...

Name 1 Name Professor Class Date Essays Adolf Hitler had served in the German arm during the First World War, and felt enraged and betrayed by the Treaty of Versailles. Like many Germans, Hitler did not believe that Germany had been defeated on the battlefield, but that they had been betrayed by a revolution at home. Subsequently, the Treaty of Versailles established a harsh peace settlement, which imposed significant economic penalties upon the German people, restricted the size of their military, and reduced their geographic territory. After coming to power in 1932, Hitler acted quickly to reverse the Treaty of Versailles, refusing to pay war reparations and secretly expanding the military. In 1935, he violated the terms†¦show more content†¦Indeed, had the United States sought to trade instead with Germany, England would have been unlikely to accept such trade, and indeed similar matters had played a principal role in the outbreak of the War of 1812. Meanwhile, the United States certainly went well beyond mere neutrality, with the Lend Lease Act of 1941 serving to trade military vessels which England could use in its ongoing conflict in return for naval bases which the United States could utilize as it prepared for war. Meanwhile, the US also experienced rising tensions with the Japanese. These dated back to the mid-1930s, as the United States had sought to restrain Japanese ambitions in China via the threat of an embargo on oil. Fortunately, by early 1943 the tide of war was turning in favor of the Allies, following the German defeats at Stalingrad, Tobruk, and in Tunisia, along with the Japanese defeat at Guadalcanal and Midway. Unfortunately, although the Allies had include the Soviet Union, the world remained riven by tension following the war. Indeed, following the Revolution of 1917, the capitalist powers had actively opposed the rise of the Communist Party, and during the late 1940s it became increasingly clear that neither side was willing to cooperate. As the Berlin Airlift in 1948 demonstrated, the Soviet Union was not willing to relinquish its totalitarian grip on eastern Europe, and the western nations were not willing to allow Soviet expansion. By 1950, as communist forces invaded SouthShow MoreRelatedThe Causes And The Impact Of The Treaty Of Versailles1595 Words   |  7 Pages The Treaty of Versailles is the most important treaty signed after the First World War on 28th of June in 1919, bet ween defeated Germany - Associated Powers, and the Allied Powers - victorious United States, Great Britain, France, and other allied states. For the Germans, it is a symbol of the humiliation of a militarily unconquered empire, that has never been reconciled internally. In the Hall of Mirrors in Versailles Palace, peacemakers faced upon a wondrous task, to create a treaty to bringRead MoreA Short Note On The Treaty Of Versailles1560 Words   |  7 PagesTreaty of Versailles Essay During the years of 1914 to 1918, the first World War was fought resulting in a very destructive war. The war suffered approximately 10 million casualties and the ‘Western Front’ was totally destroyed. This also left many areas in Europe being destroyed too. On November 11th, 1918, Germany signed a cease-fire called ‘the Armistice’, and surrendered. In January, delegates from several countries met in Paris, France to discuss a peace treaty in hopes of ending the war.Read MoreCould the Second World War have been Avoided?1442 Words   |  6 Pagesavoid a second world war, many things caused it to be inevitable. The Treaty of Versailles, the rise of Hitler, the rise of Japan as a world power, the rise of fascism in Italy and the League of Nations were all factors which contributed to the cause of World War II. The Treaty of Versailles was a peace settlement between Germany and the Allied Powers that officially ended World War I. However, the conditions in the treaty were so harsh on Germany that many believe the Treaty of Versailles was one ofRead MoreThe Impact Of Reparations On The German Economy994 Words   |  4 Pagesfuture economic and political issues in Germany. [ CITE HISTORY.COM]. Keynes also noted that the fact that the Germans did not have any contribution to the Treaty of Versailles, claiming that the Germans would be very unsatisfied with the strict terms that they’d have to abide by. â€Å"Keynes argued that the large amounts of war reparations that were imposed would have a secondary effect that the terms of trade (the price of exports relative to the price of imports) would turn against Germany, therebyRead MoreEssay on President Wilson and the Treaty of Versailles1507 Words   |  7 PagesPresident Wilson and the Treaty of Versailles President Wilson’s righteous views of his efforts were so strong that not even the advice and urging of his closest confidants could sway his stance. While it is true that opposition forces helped to defeat the treaty, it was ultimately Wilson’s stubbornness that led to its defeat in the Senate. There were many factors that led to the initial outbreak of World War I in Europe. A constant struggle to gain the upper hand in the â€Å"balance of power†Read MoreA.J.P Taylor on the Causes of World War II1288 Words   |  5 Pagesthe outbreak of war. However as A.J.P. Taylor said in his account on the origins world war II that the outbreak of ‘was â€Å"implicit† since the moment when the first war ended, because of the failure of that war either to satisfy German ambitions or to crush them completely’ (Henig, 1991). In this paper we will discover how events in the aftermath of World War I led to the outbreak of the Second World War. In 1918, when all allied and allies, specially Germany, could not continue war due to lack of militaryRead MoreThe Failure of the Treaty of Versailles Essay1595 Words   |  7 Pageschild whose arm was broken in the fight. She wants the child punished severely as restitution for hurting her son. Next is one of the children who stepped in to defend the victim. He wants the child punished, but not as harshly as the mother. And, of course, the principal. He stepped in at the end of the fight and broke it up. His only goal at this point is to make sure another fight does not occur. Welcome to the situation at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 at the close of World War I. GermanyRead MoreThe Rise Of The 19th Century951 Words   |  4 Pagesprior to the first world war came at a high cost, and to build these ships, artillery and weaponry, which would improve the employment and government spending in the economy. This increase in government spending stimulates GDP, causing unemployment rates to drop, while building a more wealthy future for citizens in the country. â€Å"After 1904-07, the line-up became more ominous. Russia was weakened for several years after its defeat by Japan. Germany tried but failed to form a German-Franco-RussianRead MoreWhy Germany was So Discontented with The Treaty of Versailles1683 Words   |  7 Pageswith The Treaty of Versailles After the WWI, Germany had trouble accepting the unexpected defeat and was anxiously awaiting a peace treaty. It wasn’t until 1919 that finally The Treaty of Versailles was formed and signed, however the Germans were left discontented with it. There were many accumulative reasons why the Germans disliked the treaty; one being the first fact of how disappointed they were that they had lost the war. It was known that the German militaryRead MoreThe Rise of Hitler and Nazism in Germany1435 Words   |  6 PagesNazism in Germany, such as the treaty of Versailles and some of the restrictions that were put on Germany, the loss of the war, and the Weimar Republic. These are just some of the reasons that are going to be looked at and discussed. Germanys beating in World War One made political, economic and social fall in the Weimar Republic and led to the rise of the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP) or Nazi party. The First World War put stress on the German people. The space between the

Mental Health Issues And Levels Of Participation - 1725 Words

Living in a state of positive, stable mental health benefits individuals in all areas of life. Attaining a positive state of mental health seems simple enough, but can be difficult when juggling many different responsibilities and leading a busy life. As the modern world becomes more and more reliant on technology, and an increasing number of occupations require employees to sit at a desk for long hours, there is a need to remedy the stress that is associated with these â€Å"desk jobs.† This report addresses the connection between mental health issues and levels of participation in outdoor recreation, and after presenting relevant data, gives options for dealing with the aforementioned problems. After multiple surveys were administered at†¦show more content†¦Research has shown that, when communities with â€Å"low recreation supply and demand, and high proportions of overweight and obese people† are provided with new outdoor recreation venues close to home, t he amount in which those citizens recreate outdoors increases. If local governments can identify these areas and build parks or trails and designate open space near them, it should increase the demand for outdoor recreation venues as a result of increasing the supply (Rosenberger, Bergerson, and Kline, 2009). This in turn creates a free mental health treatment options for members of these low-income communities. The purpose of this empirical report is to evaluate the relationship between individuals’ frequency of participation in outdoor recreation and the amount in which people struggle with negative mental health issues. The information provided will be used for improvements to public park and open space designation policy by parks, mountain, and open space departments at the local, state and federal levels, as well as academic institutions. This will be accomplished by presenting evidence of the mental health benefits obtained by students and members of the general population as a result of participation in outdoor recreation. This report is determines whether or not people who regularly participate in outdoor recreation

The Temporary Assistance For Needy Families - 1536 Words

Abstract This paper discusses the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program that was established in 1996. It examines the development and goals of the policy as well as addresses the target population that benefits from this program. A review of the agencies associated with TANF and the benefits the program provides to its clients is also given. In addition, the funding sources of TANF are addressed. Lastly, it examines the social issue this program is meant to address. Policy Paper 1: Analysis of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Program Introduction The Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) is a federally funded program that was created to assist needy families in becoming self-sufficient. According to the U.S. Department of Health Human Services, TANF has four major purposes. (U.S. Department of Health Human Services, 2015) The first is to â€Å"provide assistance to needy families so that children can be cared for in their own homes†. The second is to â€Å"reduce the dependency of needy parents by promoting job preparation, work and marriage†. The third is to â€Å"prevent and reduce the incidence of out-of-wedlock pregnancies†. The final purpose is to â€Å"encourage the formation and maintenance of two-parent families†. The Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program allows the States flexibility in identifying criteria for the populations served. However, there are a few general and federally imposed restrictions that are as follows. States mustShow MoreRelatedThe Temporary Assist ance For Needy Families Essay1679 Words   |  7 PagesIn 1996 the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block grant was created as a way to provide assistance to needy families and to end the dependence on government benefits through encouraging job preparation, marriage with the formation of two parent families, and work. In reality, TANF has created a weakened safety net and provides less protection for individuals facing poverty. It grants less assistance than before to lessen poverty and the hardship that comes along with it. The policyRead MoreTemporary Assistance For Needy Families2584 Words   |  11 Pages Temporary Assistance for Needy Families: A Policy Analysis Lena Byanski Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne Author Note: This paper was prepared for PPOL V371, Section 01, Spring 2016, taught by Professor Aitalieva. Abstract The main purpose of this research is to give further knowledge about the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Program offered in the United States (TANF). With looking at the history of the program, it allows the reader to get an improved understandingRead MoreTemporary Assistance For Needy Families Essay1175 Words   |  5 Pages I would go about identifying eligible families for Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, TANF, benefits by using what the requirements are for Pennsylvania residents on the TANF website. According to the TANF Program (n.d.a), â€Å"you must be a United States citizen and a resident of Pennsylvania† (para. 8) to apply for TANF benefits. If you are a â€Å"non-citizen lawfully admitted for permanent residency, you may be eligible† (TANF Program, n.d.a, para. 8) for TANF benefits. â€Å"You also must provideRead MoreMassachusetts And Kentucky s Temporary Assistance For Needy Families Post Secondary Reform Movements1634 Words   |  7 Pages Stephanie Steele Final Exam Amna Osman State and Local Government Upper Iowa University April 23rd, 2015 1. What led to the success of Maine and Kentucky’s Temporary Assistance to Needy families Post-Secondary Reform movements? Maine is a small state that is not terribly diverse in it s population. Ethnic and racial minorities make up just less that 2 percent of its population (U.S. Census Bureau). Maine has also been considered one of the more poorer states. Maine s economyRead MoreTemporary Assistance For Needy Families3737 Words   |  15 PagesTemporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) My Own Values: I believe that people who are in need should get the proper assistance they deserve. In high school, I volunteered at a soup kitchen and saw how children struggled to obtain their basic needs and in some essence, loss a piece of their childhood. I support TANF especially since it helps families, which includes aiding children who do not have the ability to support themselves. It is hard for me to see the children suffer especially sinceRead MoreTemporary Assistance For Needy Families1567 Words   |  7 Pages Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF): Work-First, Time-limits and Sanctions. The Policy Effects on Citizens and Social Work Practice ADEBAYO ADEKUNLE L. KENNESAW STATE UNIVERSITYâ€Æ' Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF): Work-First, Time-limits and Sanctions. The Policy Effects on Citizens and Social Work Practice Social Policy can refer to guidelines, principles, legislation and activities that affect the living conditions conducive to human welfare, such as a person s qualityRead MoreThe Privatization Of Temporary Assistance For Needy Families Essay1873 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction The privatization of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) services has occurred in all except one of 50 states (McConnell, Burwick, Perez-Johnson, Winston, 2003). There are substantial differences as to the size and extent of services that are privatized. This paper will first, analyze study provided by the Mathematica Policy Research, Inc. (MPR) to discuss the benefits and conversely the problems of contracting out. Secondly, this paper will discuss important factors andRead More Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) and Teen Parents3589 Words   |  15 PagesTemporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) and Tenn Parents The American Public never loved social welfare programs, but it did not necessarily want them dismantled. In fact, by the early 1990s, nearly 50 percent of all households drew on government benefits from Food stamps to social security to mortgage interest tax deductions. To convince the public that it stood to gain from smaller government and weaker social programs, the reformers had to undermine the longstanding belief thatRead More Welfare Reform: Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Legislation2809 Words   |  12 Pagesand Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) passed. This legislation ended the Family Aid with Dependent Children (AFDC) and replaced it with Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). Unlike AFDC, TANF is not an entitlement program. This means that states are under no obligation to provide cash assistance to eligible families. Instead the federal government gives block grants to assist poor families with the emphasis on moving them from welfare to work or deterring them from applyingRead MoreThe Social Welfare Policy And Social Programs Essay1674 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract In this paper we look at the different aspects of the Social Welfare program, TANF (Temporary Assistance to Needy Families). TANF is the final variation today of the many cash assistance programs that are available to children and families. In this paper we also focus on who is eligible for TANF and where the funds are going to. With a review of the literature it is shown that living off cash assistance is not easy and how it affects the participant’s life. There is also a look at unintended

Essentialism Gender Role Free Essays

Essentialism refers to the belief that people or culture have and underlying and unchanging state. The concept of essentialism in gender states that there are innate differences between a man and a woman and an unchanged idea of what it means to be a man or a woman. Thus men and women are subject to gender role that is their define occupation, behaviour and role in the society. We will write a custom essay sample on Essentialism: Gender Role or any similar topic only for you Order Now Non essentialism is that difference in men and women behaviour and role is culturally and socially constructed. The article â€Å"Scrap that single woman stereotype† (Ellie Mae O’Hagan 2012), illustrate the essentialist view of women role. That is women have limited option about their path. In the article the author illustrate that to be seen as a successful woman, women should subscribe to the gender role laid down by the society. They are less considered if they are not married even if they have achieved an independent economic status. In China, they are considered as â€Å"societal lepers†, outsiders of the society. Society do not accept woman to be totally independent financially and emotionally toward men. It is illustrated by the case of that woman who had to fly away from China as it was not accepted that at over 27 years old she was not married. The social system follows the essentialist theory and it rewards women for performing their gender role correctly and punishes them if they choose not to follow conventional gender role. Gender essentialism has been used to advocate and explain the conventional and natural role of women. Buss and Schmitt (1993) stated that women are generally more interested in long term relationship than men. That is women have more tendency to seek for marriage than men. The reason given by Buss and Schmitt for women to want a â€Å"long term mate† is to provide them with resources like money or food. It is an essentialist view of woman not able to provide themselves with money and food. However, increasingly women are independent and challenging the conventional idea that men who are breadwinner. That suggests that the roles played by the two genders are constructed by society and can be changed. Another aspect of essentialism is that roles are mapped out by nature. The role of woman is natural and exists outside of cultural and social conditioning, thus by nature women need to carrying, emotional or dependant. Women not responding to that view would be always questioned and depreciated by others. The author of the article suggests that women who are single are due to a â€Å"flaw† opposed to â€Å"life natural turbulence†. So by nature women cannot stay single and it is a fault if they stayed unmarried. Those are generalised statement which are asserted and taken for natural and universal. By consequence, as suggested by Marcia (1966), people think that gender roles reflect natural tendencies and do not consider themselves outsides these roles. It influences their decision, occupation and behaviour. The author herself justifies her singlehood and her view of single woman was influenced by the essentialist view of single women, that they are unhappy and do not have a fulfilling life. Essentialist norms about natural traits of a woman, states that women would achieve happiness and satisfaction if the accept the traditional role in relationship. Thus it maintains gender inequity and patriarchy as a universal system. It manifests in terms of stereotypical assumption about role of women in relation to man. There are assumptions about what women are and what women should be. Even if a woman rejects the stereotypes, she is judge by others with references to stereotypes (Steele 1997). The singlehood is considered to be the woman fault and be blame for it. Singlehood in essentialism is considered also as consequence of women bad decisions, behaviour according to normal gender role and a assume decision of women. The feminist essentialism as stated by Irigaray, argues that women condition and role has been defined by a patriarchal society. According to feminist women are forced by men to play certain roles defined by feminine traits like passive, submissive, emotional or caring. Women are expected to be wife, mother and cannot transgress those expectations. Feminist have adopted non-essentialism to challenge society. Non- essentialism argues that culture shapes roles for men and women and that it is transmitted by culture through generation. So societies have pre-existing norms and expectations. According to non- essentialism men and women are socially and culturally grown up to adopt gender specific behaviours. Society maintains and reinforces stereotypes. The articles illustrate also that women do live a fulfilling life whether or not married. Even if researches shows that single woman achieved more in life than single man, society and people still view them as unhappy and faulty. Women like interviewed in the articles are frustrated due to these stereotypes. Society searches reason for their singlehood. Single women are considered whether workaholic or careerist. Essentialism associated these characteristic to men but no to women. Essentialism maintains gender stereotyping and inequities. Women are expected using the nature reason to behave in a certain way. Even if women now work and are independent they still are expected to fulfil their role of wife and mother. Non- essentialism illustrate that gender determined role is not natural but socially constructed. Reference list: Ellie Mae O’Hagan. 012. Scrap that single woman stereotype. The Guardian. http://www. guardian. co. uk/commentisfree/2012/jul/27/scrap-single-womanstereotype Buss, D. M. , Schmitt, D. P. 1993. Sexual strategies theory: An evolutionary perspectiveon human mating. Psychological Review, 100, 204-232 Marcia J. E. 1966. Development and validation of ego development status. Journal ofPersonality and Social Psychology,3, 551-558. Steele, C. M. 1997. A threat in the air: How stereotype shape intellectual indentity andperformance. American Psychologist, 52, 613-629. How to cite Essentialism: Gender Role, Papers

Culture Of Poverty Essay Research Paper Culture free essay sample

Culture Of Poverty Essay, Research Paper ? Culture of Poverty? The? civilization of poorness? was introduced or was popularized by Oscar Lewis while analyzing hapless households in Mexico and Puerto Rican households San Juan and New York. The theory maintains that culturally based attitudes or sensitivity such as? present-mindedness? and? obsessive-consumption? are the major barriers to economic mobility for many of the hapless. Lewis? theory likewise implies that this is non a ephemeral fiscal quandary for the hapless, but a manner of life bolstered by the hopelessness of carry throughing even minor economic ends. Lewis argues that there are certain cultural features among the hapless in industrial capitalist societies. Lewis and others agree that hapless people in such societies display certain features and values that are non held by non-poor in those same societies. ? These features are: the absence of childhood as a specially drawn-out and protected province in the life-cycle, early induction into sex, free brotherhoods or consensual matrimonies, a comparatively high incidents of forsaking of married womans and kids, a tend toward female or female parent centered households, a strong sensitivity toward dictatorship, deficiency of privateness, verbal accent upon household solidarity which is merely seldom achieved because of sibling competition, and competition for limited goods and stuff affection. We will write a custom essay sample on Culture Of Poverty Essay Research Paper Culture or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ? ( Lewis 1965 ) Lewis besides believed the civilization of poorness socialized the hapless into political apathy, immediate satisfaction, broken households and inactive responses of their economic predicament, and he argued that the hapless could non lose this debilitating civilization even if they ceased to be hapless. Consequently, the civilization of poorness theory was investigated by societal scientists, economic experts, sociologists, anthropologists, and found to be false. Poor people have the same civilization, values, and societal scrupless as any other categorization of people. It is thought that by virtuousness of distinguishable commanding factors and deficiency of chances the hapless will hold different behaviour. The civilization of poorness theory was basically dead every bit far as societal scientific discipline was concerned. Therefore, the barbarous rhythm theory was found to be true. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.kub.nl/~fsw_2/home/worschot/rc19/papers/15.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //sites.netscape.net/immortalgodking/poor hypertext transfer protocol: //sites.netscape.net/immortalgodking/poor hypertext transfer protocol: //sites.netscape.net/immortalgodking/poor hypertext transfer protocol: //www.britanica.com/bcom/eb/article/printable/0/0,5722,118250,00.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.maxwell.syr.edu/maxpages/classes/ECN358/undercla.htm

Role of Management Accountant of Fairfax Media Australia

Question : Review how the role of the management accountants is likely to have an impact in supporting management in the chosen company by providing information for creating customer and/or shareholder value. Answer : Management Accountant Management accounting helps to provide key and essential information to guide the management in making decision and management control. Management accounting is considered to be one of the most integral parts of the management process and accountant has been focussed as significant strategic partners in the firm management team (Gazely Lambert, 2006). Management accounting helps to provide a step of identifying, determining, analysing, communicating and interpreting information in the accomplishment of organizational aims and objectives. The report helps to provide a clear and precise idea about the role and impact of management accountant and their impact on the Fairfax media Australia. Fairfax is a multi platform media company in Australia which consist of several key or importance audiences (Fairfaxmedia.com.au, 2015). Role of management accountant in creating customer and shareholder value Financial statement help to produce a clear and precise idea about eh company financial position in the market. Accountant are considered to be one of the most irreplaceable part of organization as they are used to play multiple role which are scorekeeping, attention directing and issue solving roles (Wilmshurst Frost, 2001). Financial statement include three basic element which are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement which help to provide a brief picture of the company key business activities relate to the operation. Two major role that played by the management accountant of the Fairfax Media company are role of bookkeeper and the decision maker which eventually help to provide merit to the shareholder and customer. The management accountant provides a clear and precise idea about the financial statement of the company which eventually help the shareholder to determine the loopholes and issue related with the company. Identification of the loopholes and issue in the management of the company with the help of the analysis fop the financial statement help to take and make effective decision which help to overcome and take leading advantage over their arch rival. Financial statement analysis help the customer to determine the value of the company whether the company is making profit or not and the product and their service which eventually help to determine the growth of the company (Gazely Lambert, 2006). The book keeping management accountant helps to assure that the financial data of the firm like Fairfax Media is fair and the overall internal control is practised with key policy and procedure (Fairfaxmedia.com.au, 2015). With the help of the proper bookkeeping management help to ensure that the information regarding the financial information of the company and the financial reporting of the company is accurate and reliable. Conclusion Management accountant of the company play a vital role in making effective strategic decision regarding the company. The analysis of the company Fairfax media provides a clear and precise idea about the key role of the management accountant (Fairfaxmedia.com.au, 2015). The report helps to provide an in depth analysis of the decision making and role of the management accountant of the company Fairfax media which helps to provide the information for creating customer and shareholder value. Reference Fairfaxmedia.com.au,. (2015).Corporate Profile - Fairfax Media Limited. Retrieved 18 January 2015, from https://www.fairfaxmedia.com.au/Company/Corporate-Profile/corporate-profile Gazely, A., Lambert, M. (2006).Management accounting. London: SAGE Publications. Parker, L. (2003). The New Management Accountant.Critical Perspectives On Accounting,14(8), 812. doi:10.1016/s1045-2354(02)00183-1 Wilmshurst, T., Frost, G. (2001). The role of accounting and the accountant in the environmental management system.Bus. Strat. Env.,10(3), 135-147. doi:10.1002/bse.283

Marketing Planning Management For An Organization

Questions: 1. Assess the main barriers to marketing planning.2. Examine how organisations may overcome barriers to marketing planning. 3. Explain why marketing planning is essential in the strategic planning process for an organisation. 4. Examine techniques for new product development.5. Using a well known company of your choice, justify recommendations for their pricing policy, distribution and communication mix. 6. Explain how factors affecting the effective implementation of the marketing plan have been taken into account.7. Explain how ethical issues influence marketing planning. 8. Analyse examples of how organisations respond to ethical issues. 9. Analyse examples of consumer ethics and the effect it has on marketing planning. Answers: Introduction Marketing planning is the process that helps businesses identify and develop goods and services that will meet the needs of their target market (Baines, et al., 2013). It involved development and implementation of a plan that helps identify, anticipate and satisfy consumer needs such that it makes the business profitable. Marketing planning process focuses on the development of a marketing plan which is a business document that describes existing market position of the organisation and its marketing strategies for a definite period of time (Beamish Ashford, 2006). It describes the overall marketing objectives of the organisation and defined activities that will be performed to achieve desired objectives. 1. Primary barriers to marketing planning The prime function of marketing is to identify and create a competitive advantage for the organisation (Blythe, 2013). Marketing planning in very simple words is defined as the logical sequence and series of activities that enable setting marketing objectives and formulating plans that help achieving them (McDonald, 2009). Before analysing the primary barriers to marketing planning it is important to analyse why marketing planning is necessary. Marketing planning helps increasing complexity, turbulence and thus competitiveness. It helps keeping pace with rapid technological changes. It helps organisations identify various sources of competitive advantage, force and organised approach and ensure consistency on relationships (McDonald, 2009). It helps keeping superiors well informed and providing support to non-marketing functions. It helps subordinates in obtaining resources, gaining organisational commitment and defining strategies and objectives. A number of factors acts as barrier to effective marketing planning namely; confusion between marketing tactics and strategies, keeping marketing functions and operations separate for each other, confusion between marketing concepts and marketing functions, in-depth analysis is missed, needed knowledge and skills are lacking, there is a confusion between output and processes, objectives have not been prioritised, there is no systematic approach to marketing planning, corporate culture is hostile and organisational barriers (Blythe, 2013). These barriers to effective marketing planning can be put into six broad categories. Cognitive wherein there is lack of enough knowledge about marketing planning, cultural wherein the workplace culture lacks orientation for marketing planning, political wherein leaders and top management of the organisation is afraid of marketing, resources wherein the organisation fails to allocate enough resources to marketing, structural wherein the organisation lacks effective plan for marketing and there is a lack of effective MIS (McDonald, 2009). It is important to ensure that these barriers are tactfully handled in order to achieve desired marketing objectives. 2. Methods of overcoming barriers to marketing planning Nigel Piercy (2001) opines that the real strategic problem in marketing is not strategy; it is managing the implementation and change. Marketing planning process involves development and implementation of a new plans, different approaches and new processes which are all elements of change (Beamish Ashford, 2006). As marketing planning brings about considerable changes it calls for effective change management to handle and minimise different barriers to effective marketing planning (Hiatt Creasey, 2003). There are a number of ways by which organisations can overcome barriers to marketing planning and minimise the effects of change. Need for Strong and Committed Leadership: Effective leadership plays a vital role in marketing planning process (Barker, et al., 2012). They must act as effective communicator, facilitator and motivators in order to ensure that the formulated marketing plan is effectively implemented by minimising the affects of barriers. It is important to ensure that the organisations leaders not only show high level of commitment towards the processes but also do all possible attempts to influence the commitment of their followers. In order to achieve overall high organisational commitment leaders must ensure that a long-term vision has been created, required resources have been effectively allocated, solutions found are promptly implemented and resistance to change is managed reflectively (Brady, 2010). Thus effective leadership with high commitment is essential for successful marketing planning. Developing and customer-focused and marketing oriented work culture: Marketing concepts focuses on identifying the needs and wants of the target customers in target market and offering products and services that satisfy those needs and wants more efficiently and effectively as compared to competitors (Czinkota Ronkainen, 2012). In todays dynamic market place survival and success both depends on the degree to which customers needs are being satisfied. In order to make an organisation(Barker, et al., 2012) marketing oriented it is important to ensure that the complete focus is given to customer needs and wants and formulating ways to meet those needs. The five main key facets of marketing orientation are; customer orientation, organisational culture, competitor orientation, long-term profits and integrated functional co-ordination (Beamish Ashford, 2006). In order to ensure that a customer-focused culture is developed it is important to ensure that innovation is greatly valued, leade rship is not seen as a function but an activity, rewards and values are shared, knowledge sharing and learning organisation is developed and employees are empowered. Develop a supportive and effective marketing structure: It is important to ensure that the marketing structure is effective enough to support the needs of various marketing functions and other operations (Dibb Simkin, 2007). Marketing functions must not be isolated from operations and must go hand in hand to achieve desired objectives. Allocation of financial and human resources: It is essential to ensure that financial and human resources are effectively allocated to marketing process in order to achieve desired objectives (Ferrell Hartline, 2012). Internal marketing: Internal marketing focuses on the relationship between the organisation and its internal customers that is its employees. Internal marketing programmes must emphasize on bridging the information gap between strategy development team and other employees in order to ensure that directions of the organisation are effectively communicated to all. It helps making the organisation customer-focused and marketing oriented. A successful internal marketing programme breaks down the different barriers to planning and minimising resistance to change. Similar to an external marketing plan it requires creation of a vision, defining goals and objectives, marketing strategy, segmentation, targeting and positioning, defining adequate marketing mix, implementation and regular evaluation to plan improvements. Defining an effective internal marketing plan greatly helps reducing barriers to effective marketing planning. Measurement and control mechanisms: Organisations must ensure that they have adequate control and measurement mechanisms in place to evaluate the outcomes of marketing planning activities. It helps planning continuous improvement in making strategies thus enhancing its effectiveness and efficiency. 3. Significance of marketing planning in the strategic planning process for an organisation Strategic planning is a process in which an organisation formulates and implements a plan to achieve desired organisational goals (Abraham, 2012). It helps an organisation define its strategies or directions and allocate available resources in a way that support their strategies (Ansoff, 2007). Strategic planning process starts with the identification and creation of organisations mission and objectives, conducting a situation analysis that help formulating strategies, implementing formulated strategies and ensuring continuous control (Blythe, 2013). The primary objective of strategic planning process is to develop overall direction for an organisation and create its shape such that the goods and services offered by the organisation satisfy needs and wants of the target market, thus achieving business objectives. Marketing planning plays a vital role in strategic planning process because it helps the organisations identify, articulate and satisfy customer needs (Blythe, 2013). Marketing planning helps organisations understand their customers better and identify their needs and wants. Customer today forms the heart of all business strategies and it is important to ensure that all strategies are formulated keeping customers requirements in mind (Blythe, 2013). Marketing planning help in understanding customer buying behaviour that influence their buying decisions. It helps analysing the factors that affect customer activities and preference in the market place. Customer today has dynamic needs which must be satisfied by organisation in order to survive in a highly competitive marketing environment. Marketing planning helps identifying sources that can be used to develop, maintain and retail firms competitive advantage (Abraham, 2012). Marketing planning thus develops the base on which strategic planning process is carried out (Ansoff, 2007). It provides an organisation with complete understanding of their target market so that strategic plans can be formulated to develop products and services that perfectly match and at times exceed customer expectations. Thus, effective marketing planning is the most important aspect for effective strategic planning process. It helps formulating mission, objectives and strategies in a way that complete organisational focus remains on being a customer-oriented organisation. 4. Techniques for new product development-300 New product development is a marketing strategy that involves developing new products or making considerable improvements of existing products so that they appear new, these products are then offered to existing or new target markets (Mascitelli, 2007). Leadership, organisational structure and team building are the three elements that are essential for quick and efficient introduction of new products (Varley, 2006). New product development strategies and techniques can be divided into five broad categories namely; Product development diversification strategy wherein an organisation thinks beyond its existing business and develops a completely new product for a new market owing to high saturation of their existing market (Mascitelli, 2007). Product modification strategy involves modifying the existing products that are offered to existing markets with an aim to capture new users (Mascitelli, 2007). Revolutionary product development involves creating products for which there was no pri or real need (Mascitelli, 2007). Benchmarking the process involves choosing a specific strategy for careful new product development (Mascitelli, 2007). Consumers front and centre involves selecting a specific strategy while ensuring consumer remains the front and centre and is involved in the process from beginning to end (Mascitelli, 2007). New Product development is a seven steps process as shown in figure below; Fig.1. Source: Czinkota Ronkainen (2012) The process starts with generation of ideas which are screened and evaluated to select a specific idea. Business analysis is performed to analyse the availability of finances and other resources that are to be allocated for the new product development. Once the analysis is complete comes the atual process of development. Test marketing startegies are then implemented on the new product and once the output is evaluated starts the actuall process of commercialisation. Brainstorming and Bracket are two commonly used techniques used in the new product development (Varley, 2006). Understanding customer priorities is the most important step in new product development and brainstorming and bracket are the two techniques that help in better understanding of customer needs. When the customer priorities increase in number and complexity, organisations need to cut through the clutter and identify what the customer truly want by using bracket technique. 5. Recommendations for pricing policy, distribution and communication mix for McDonalds McDonalds Corporation started in year 1940 as a barbecue restaurant today is recognised as worlds largest chain of hamburger fast food restaurants (McDonald's, 2015). The company has around 35,000 outlets in 119 countries where they serve 68 million customers every day. In order to meet the needs of the health conscious section of the consumer market the company is looking forward to launch of a new product McWheat which will use buns made of wheat flour instead of all purpose flour. The pricing policy, distribution and communication mix for McWheat is shown below: Pricing policy: It is a policy that helps an organisation define prices for its products and services based mainly on marketing research and competitor analysis (Baines, et al., 2013). McDonalds offers a cost advantage to its customers. It offers products at a very low price that are unmatched by competitors. This pricing policy helps McDonalds in attracting lower and middle class individuals. It uses bundling strategy like happy meal, combo meal and family meal to increase total sales of products and services. For its new product McWheat McDonalds can charge a bit higher than the products that use all purpose flour owing to the associated health benefits of wheat flour bun. Distribution: It is essential to ensure that the offered products are available to customers at right time, right place and in right manner (Brady, 2010). Distribution of a product is not only concerned with the distribution locations and physical points of the product but also with the management of processes that are involved in bringing the products to end customers. McDonalds products are offered through their own outlets or franchisee outlets only. Their outlets are evenly distributed throughout the cities they are located it. Drive through and drive in options is provided to further make product availability easier for customers. There new product McWheat will be available in their outlets and franchisee outlet as all other products. Communication Mix: The marketing communication mix is the mix of marketing techniques used by an organisation to achieve its marketing objectives (Dibb Simkin, 2007). Some of these techniques are advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, direct marketing and public relations. McDonalds is recognised worldwide for its unique communication mix. They make huge investment in marketing techniques like advertising on TVs, radios, social media etc, sales promotions, public relations and personal selling. McWheat will be promoted as a health food options through various marketing channels and techniques. 6. Factors affecting the effective implementation of the marketing plan Factors affecting the effective implementation of the marketing plan can be categorised under two broad categories namely; internal factors and external factors. Effective leadership, organisational structure and team building are the three main internal factors that affect implementation of marketing plan (McDonald, 2009). External factors affecting implementation of marketing plan are; changes in demographics of the target market, existing and predicted economic conditions, prosperity, size and growth potential of the target market, market potential depicting strengths and weaknesses of prime competitors, market share and factors that can change it and current customer composition that depicts their age, education, buying capacity, occupation, income level, interest etc.. It is important to ensure that organisations take into account both internal and external factors when implementing their marketing plan 7. Influence of ethical issues on marketing planning The study of a behaviour being right or wrong is called ethics (Fisher Lovell, 2006). Marketing ethics focuses on the studying right and wrong behaviour involved in the formulation and implementation of marketing tactics and strategies. In todays competitive marketplace ethics is concerned as important aspect in creating positive public image, maintaining customer relations and achieving desired marketing goals (Keen, 2012). Marketing has been criticised for performing number of unethical activities that have adverse effects on the society, resulted in environmental damage, and exposed children to advertisements that did not match their maturity levels, created unnecessary wants, made exaggerated product claims and resulted in selling of products that were not safe. Ethics is not only important to develop and retain a positive brand image but it also affects the marketing mix and the entire marketing planning process (Fisher Lovell, 2006). It is important to ensure that products developed meet the needs of the customers in a legal and ethical manner. There should not be false display for benefits covering for harmful effects. Pricing strategies must be formulated in an ethical manner ensuring that prices do not far exceed the associated benefits delivered by the product (Keen, 2012). Gifts and incentives demanded by distributors and transports is an important ethical issue involved in distribution of goods and services that affects marketing planning. It is important to ensure that promotional messages meet ethical and legal standards. They should not make false claim and analyse its affects on the audience. Thus, ethical issues have a considerable impact on marketing planning. 8. Examples of how organisations respond to ethical issues In order to respond to the ethical issues organisations ensure that their planning process takes into account environmental and social issues. About 5000 organisations in year 2010 published their corporate social responsibility reports. Starbucks is recognised as one of the worlds most ethical organisation. Starbucks respond to ethical issues by ensuring 100% of their coffee is sourced ethically. They support farmers by offering farmer loans of around $20 million (Starbucks, 2015). McDonalds has always faced ethical criticism related to selling of unhealthy and fatty foods adding to the worlds obesity problem. McDonalds respond to these issues by improving and increasing nutritionally balanced menu options, offering salads and enhancing customer access to nutrition education and information. McDonalds in year 2013 packed its products in packages that carried QR codes that help consumers can choose from informed dieting choices. 9. Analysis of examples of consumer ethics and how they affect marketing planning Consumer ethics or ethical consumerism emphasizes on purchasing goods that are produced ethically and impose no harm on the society and environment (Czinkota Ronkainen, 2012). Some example of ethical consumerism is buying free-range eggs, boycotting products that were produced by child labour and demanding a stop on the production of goods that use animal skins. Consumer ethics has huge impact on marketing planning and help organisations ensure that their products and services are developed and marketed in most ethical manner. An excellent example of consumer ethics is the rapid decline in consumption of soft drinks worldwide owing to various unhealthy side effects associated with their consumption. This decline has greatly affected revenues of companies like Coca-Cola and PepsiCo forcing them to provide healthier options to their consumers(Brady, 2010). With an increase in health education and awareness consumer today are becoming more health conscious and are changing their preference to healthier food products. Owing to this change in consumer perception Companies like McDonalds, Burger King and Dominos are forced to reframe their marketing strategies and tactics(Keen, 2012). In year 2012 in response to a boycott represented in the US campaign for Safe Cosmetics Johnson Johnson had to reformulate its products in order to remove a formaldehyde-releasing preservative(Keen, 2012). These are some examples of consumer ethics and how they impact marketing planning. Conclusion Effective Marketing planning is essential for the development and implementation of the marketing plan that documents activities to be performed in order to achieve desired marketing objectives. Effective marketing planning enable organisational identify resources that help them develop, maintain and retain competitive advantage. Marketing planning plays a vital role in strategic planning process helping organisations formulate strategies and not only meet but exceed customer expectations. References Abraham, S. C., (2012) Strategic Planning: A Practical Guide for Competitive Success. Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing. Ansoff, H. I., (2007) Strategic Management. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Baines, P., Fill, C. Page, K., (2013) Essentials of Marketing. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Barker, N., Valos, M. Shimp, T. A., (2012) Integrated Marketing Communications. New York: Cengage Learning. Beamish, K. Ashford, R., (2006) Marketing Planning 2006-2007. New Jersey: Routledge. Blythe, J., (2013) Principles and Practice of Marketing. London: Sage. Brady, D. L., (2010) Essentials of International Marketing. New York: M.E. Sharpe. Czinkota, M. Ronkainen, I., (2012) International Marketing. New York: Cengage Learning. Dibb, S. Simkin, L., (2007) Marketing Briefs. New Jersey: Routledge. Ferrell, O. C. Hartline, M., (2012) Marketing strategy. New York: Cengage Learning. Fisher, C. Lovell, A., (2006) Business Ethics and Values. Essex: Pearson Eductaion Limited. Hiatt, J. Creasey, T. J., (2003) Change Management: The People Side of Change. New York: Prosci. Keen, B., (2012) Applied Business Ethics: Power Living Through the Truth. Bloomington: iUniverse. Mascitelli, R., (2007) The Lean Product Development Guidebook: Everything Your Design Team Needs to Improve Efficiency and Slash Time-to-market. London: Technology Perspectives. McDonald, M., (2009) Marketing Plans: How to Prepare Them, how to Use Them. Burlington: Elsevier. McDonald's, (2015) About Us. [Online] Available at: https://www.mcdonalds.co.uk/ukhome.html [Accessed 2015]. Starbucks, (2015) Our Heritage. [Online] Available at: https://www.starbucks.com/about-us/our-heritage [Accessed 2015]. Varley, R., (2006) Retail Product Management: Buying and Merchandising. s.l.:Psychology Press.